Daily Prayer

t'filat rosh chodesh

תְּפִלַּת רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ

Israeli: ' marks a reduced vowel that Israeli speech drops (b'rachah); when the vowel is pronounced it is written e (lefanecha). - separates syllables that would otherwise run together.

How to read the transliterations

תְּפִלַּת רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ

ROSH ḤODESH LITURGY

434 On Rosh Ḥodesh, יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא is inserted into the seventeenth blessing of the Amida (רְצֵה) in Ma'ariv, Shaḥarit and Minḥa [שו״ע או״ח, תכב:א], and into the third blessing of Birkat HaMazon (page 1039) [שם, תכד:א].

435 Should one omit יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא from its proper place in the Amida, yet notice before beginning the blessing הַמַּחֲזִיר שְׁכִינָתוֹ לְצִיּוֹן, one is to recite יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא at once and proceed with the remainder of the blessing. Should one notice the lapse immediately after finishing the blessing הַמַּחֲזִיר שְׁכִינָתוֹ לְצִיּוֹן, one is to recite יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא and proceed with the next blessing. Should one notice the lapse after beginning the words מוֹדִים אֲנַחְנוּ לָךְ, one must restart the Amida from the opening of the seventeenth blessing (from the word רְצֵה). Should one notice the lapse after finishing the Amida, one must restart the Amida from the opening [שו״ע או״ח, תכב:א].

436 Should one omit יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא in Ma'ariv, the Amida is not repeated [שם].

437 Shaḥarit: as on weekdays, though special verses for Rosh Ḥodesh are inserted in the Korbanot (page 47) [שו״ע או״ח, תכא:א]. יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא is inserted into the Amida (see laws 434–435). Once the Repetition of the Amida is done, Taḥanun is left out, and the congregation recites Half Hallel [שו״ע או״ח, תכב:ב], then Full Kaddish, thereafter the Daily Psalm, Psalm 104 (בָּרְכִי נַפְשִׁי) and Mourner's Kaddish.

438 Torah reading: page 1165. Four men are summoned [שו״ע או״ח, תכג:א]. Note that the second aliya opens by repeating the last verse of the first aliya [שו״ע או״ח, תכב:ג]. Half Kaddish is recited once the Torah is read. The service proceeds with Ashrei and וּבָא לְצִיּוֹן and the Torah is restored to the Ark, then Half Kaddish. The tefillin are then taken off [שו״ע או״ח, תכ], and the congregation recites Musaf for Rosh Ḥodesh. Thereafter Full Kaddish follows and the close of the service is as on weekdays.

דִּינֵי הַלֵּל

Rules of Hallel

439 Hallel is recited standing [שו״ע או״ח, תכב:ו]. On Rosh Ḥodesh and the final six days of Pesaḥ, the shortened form, Half Hallel, is recited [שו״ע או״ח, תכב:ב; תצ:ד], leaving out the first halves of Psalm 115 (לֹא לָנוּ) and Psalm 116 (אָהַבְתִּי, כִּי־יִשְׁמַע).

440 At the opening of Psalm 118 (הוֹדוּ לַיהוָה כִּי־טוֹב, page 783), custom has the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur reciting each of the four verses aloud, and the congregation answers with הוֹדוּ לַיהוָה כִּי־טוֹב, כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ [משנ״ב תכב, כ]. Some counsel the congregation to say each verse quietly with the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur.

תְּפִלַּת שַׁבָּת

SHABBAT LITURGY

עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת

EREV SHABBAT

441 Minḥa: Some recite Shir HaShirim before Minḥa. The congregation recites Psalm 107 and Yedid Nefesh, then proceeds with Minḥa as on weekdays. Taḥanun is left out [שו״ע או״ח, רסו:א].

עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת

EVE OF SHABBAT

442 Candle lighting: No fewer than two candles are kindled [שו״ע או״ח, רסג:א]. Custom is to kindle one candle for each member of the household. After kindling, one recites the blessing לְהַדְלִיק נֵר שֶׁל שַׁבָּת [שו״ע ורמ״א או״ח, רסג:ה]. Custom is to cover one's eyes while reciting the blessing [רמ״א, שם].

443 Custom is to kindle Shabbat candles 18 minutes ahead of sunset. In any event, the candles must be kindled before sunset, at which hour all labor must cease [שו״ע ורמ״א או״ח, רסא:א]. Once the candles are kindled, no labor may be done, even if one kindled ahead of sunset, unless, prior to lighting, one has stated plainly an intent to carry out needed labor before sunset [רמ״א או״ח, רסג:י; משנ״ב, שם:מב].

444 The candles must be kindled in a place where one will gain from the light before those candles are spent [שו״ע, שם:ט].

445 Should one not be dining at home on Friday night, one ought still to kindle candles at home [שו״ע, שם:ו]. Should one not be sleeping at home on Friday night, one ought to kindle where one sleeps or give a token sum to one's host, so as to share in the host's candle lighting. No such step is needed when a household member remains at home and kindles candles with one in mind [שו״ע, שם:ז].