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pp. 1324-1325
Guide to the Jewish Year
מַדְרִיךְ לַשָּׁנָה הַיְּהוּדִית
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כָּנוֹנָא is omitted. Ma'ariv Amida for Shabbat is said with additions for the Aseret Yemei Teshuva. Similarly, when the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur says the paragraph מָגֵן אָבוֹת, he says הַמֶּלֶךְ הַקָּדוֹשׁ instead of הָאֵל הַקָּדוֹשׁ (page 423) [שו״ע או״ח, תקפב:ג].
56 Shaḥarit: for Shabbat. The congregation says Psalm 130 responsively after Yishtabaḥ (some say Psalm 130 before נִשְׁמַת כָּל חַי). Amida for Shabbat is said with additions for Aseret Yemei Teshuva. The Haftara is Hosea 14:2–10; Joel 2:15–27.
57 It is customary for the rabbi to deliver a sermon relating to repentance.
58 It is customary not to say Kiddush Levana until after Yom Kippur [רמ״א או״ח, תרב:א].
עֶרֶב יוֹם כִּפּוּר
Erev Yom Kippur (9th of Tishrei)
59 It is a mitzva to eat and drink on the day before Yom Kippur [שו״ע או״ח, תרד:א].
60 Every person should ask forgiveness from others, because Yom Kippur atones for sins against one's fellows only if the wronged individual has offered his or her forgiveness [שו״ע או״ח, תרו:א].
61 It is customary to say Kaparot (page 937) [רמ״א או״ח, תרה:א], and for males to immerse in the mikveh [שו״ע ורמ״א או״ח, תרו:ד].
62 In the morning, an abbreviated Seliḥot is said, followed by Shaḥarit for weekdays. During Pesukei DeZimra, the congregation omits Psalm 100. Similarly, Avinu Malkenu, Taḥanun and לַמְנַצֵּחַ (Psalm 20) are omitted. However, if Erev Yom Kippur falls on Friday, the congregation does not omit Avinu Malkenu [שו״ע ורמ״א או״ח, תרד:ב].
63 Minḥa: Most communities schedule an early recitation of Minḥa, to allow time for the congregants to return home and eat a final meal (Se'uda Mafseket) prior to the fast. Minḥa for weekdays is said with additions for Aseret Yemei Teshuva. Before saying the paragraph אֱלֹהַי נְצֹר at the conclusion of the Amida, each individual says Viduy (page 939) [שו״ע או״ח, תרו:א]. Viduy is not said by the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur during the Repetition of the Amida. As in the morning, both Avinu Malkenu and Taḥanun are omitted.
64 The Se'uda Mafseket (final meal) must be finished a few minutes before sunset [שו״ע או״ח, תרו:א]. It is customary for parents to say a special blessing for their children after the meal [חיי אדם, קמד:יט].
65 Candle lighting: Two blessings are said: (1) לְהַדְלִיק נֵר שֶׁל יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים and (2) שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ. When Yom Kippur eve falls on Friday night, the conclusion of the first blessing is: לְהַדְלִיק נֵר שֶׁל שַׁבָּת וְשֶׁל יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים (page 353) [שו״ע ורמ״א או״ח, תרי:א–ב].
66 One should also light a candle that will burn at least 25 hours, such as a yahrzeit candle, from which to light the Havdala candle after the conclusion of Yom Kippur.
יוֹם כִּפּוּר
Yom Kippur (10th of Tishrei)
67 Yom Kippur Eve: Many individuals say Tefilla Zaka ("Pure Prayer") prior to Kol Nidrei [משנ״ב או״ח, תריט:א]. It is customary for married men to put on their tallit before Kol Nidrei; many also wear a kittel [רמ״א או״ח, תרי:ד]. The Ark is opened, and two leaders of the congregation each bear a Torah scroll to the bima, where they stand on either side of the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur, while he chants Kol Nidrei. At the conclusion, the entire congregation says the blessing שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ (except women who said the blessing when lighting candles), and the scrolls are returned to the Ark [שו״ע או״ח, תריט:א].
68 Ma'ariv: for Shabbat and Yom Tov. When saying Shema, the congregation pronounces בָּרוּךְ שֵׁם כְּבוֹד מַלְכוּתוֹ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד out loud [שו״ע או״ח, תריט:ב]. Before the Yom Kippur Amida, the verse כִּי בַיּוֹם הַזֶּה... (Lev. 16:30) is said. After the Amida (with additions – see law 15), the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur leads the congregation in saying Seliḥot and Viduy. After Viduy, the Ark is opened and the congregation says Avinu Malkenu (unless Yom Kippur falls on Shabbat) and Psalm 24. This is followed by Full Kaddish, Aleinu and Mourner's Kaddish. It is customary to conclude with the singing of Adon Olam or Yigdal. Some congregations also say Psalms 1–4, Mourner's Kaddish, Shir HaYiḥud, Anim Zemirot and Mourner's Kaddish.
69 When Yom Kippur eve falls on Friday night, Ma'ariv is preceded by an abbreviated version of Kabbalat Shabbat (page 377). כָּנוֹנָא is omitted. The Amida is said with additions for Shabbat. After the Amida, the congregation says וַיְכֻלּוּ הַשָּׁמַיִם, and the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur says the abbreviated Repetition of the Amida as is customary on Shabbat eve [שו״ע או״ח, תריט:ג].
70 Shaḥarit: Many have the custom to wear a kittel under their tallit. Pesukei DeZimra for Shabbat and Yom Tov is said. The Shaliaḥ Tzibbur for Shaḥarit begins from the words הַמֶּלֶךְ הַיּוֹשֵׁב ("The King – enthroned..."). After Yishtabaḥ, the Ark is opened and the congregation says Psalm 130 responsively.
71 After Barekhu, the congregation says הַמֵּאִיר לָאָרֶץ or, if it is also Shabbat, הַכֹּל יוֹדוּךָ. The Amida for Yom Kippur is said; if also Shabbat, one says the additions for Shabbat. The Shaliaḥ Tzibbur repeats the Amida, adding piyutim before Kedusha. In all the services of the day, the Kedusha of Musaf (כֶּתֶר) is said. In the fourth blessing, the congregation says זְכוֹר רַחֲמֶיךָ and Viduy.
72 The congregation says Avinu Malkenu, but not on Shabbat [רמ״א או״ח, תרכד:א]. This is followed by Full Kaddish, the Daily Psalm, Mourner's Kaddish, Psalm 27 and