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pp. 1352-1353
Guide to the Jewish Year
מַדְרִיךְ לַשָּׁנָה הַיְּהוּדִית
Visible layers
275 For those who observe the customs of mourning after Lag BaOmer, the mourning period ends on the 3rd of Sivan.
שָׁבוּעוֹת
Shavuot (6th-7th of Sivan)
276 When Shavuot falls on Friday, each household must prepare an Eiruv Tavshilin (page 805); this makes it permissible to prepare food on Friday for the Shabbat meals [שו"ע או"ח, תקכז].
277 Candle lighting: Two blessings are said: (1) לְהַדְלִיק נֵר שֶׁל יוֹם טוֹב, and (2) שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ. On Friday night, the conclusion of the first blessing is: לְהַדְלִיק נֵר שֶׁל שַׁבָּת וְשֶׁל יוֹם טוֹב.
278 There is a widespread custom to decorate the synagogue with flowers or plants [רמ"א או"ח, תצד:ג].
279 Ma'ariv: for Shabbat and Yom Tov. The custom is to begin Ma'ariv after nightfall [משנ"ב או"ח, תצד:א]. The congregation says the special verse for Yom Tov (וַיְדַבֵּר מֹשֶׁה), before saying the Amida for Yom Tov (page 817). This is followed by Full Kaddish, Barekhu, Aleinu and Mourner's Kaddish. It is customary to conclude with the singing of Adon Olam or Yigdal.
280 When Shavuot eve falls on Friday night, Ma'ariv is preceded by an abbreviated version of Kabbalat Shabbat: Psalm 29, אָנָּא בְּכֹחַ, the first two and last two stanzas of לְכָה דוֹדִי, מִזְמוֹר שִׁיר לְיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת and יְהֹוָה מָלָךְ, גֵּאוּת לָבֵשׁ (page 377). בְּגַוְנָא is omitted. וּשְׁמְרוּ and the special verse for Yom Tov (וַיְדַבֵּר מֹשֶׁה) (page 407) precede the Yom Tov Amida, which is said with additions for Shabbat. After the Amida, the congregation says וַיְכֻלּוּ הַשָּׁמַיִם, and the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur says the abbreviated Repetition of the Amida as is customary on Shabbat eve [שו"ע או"ח, תריט:ג]. When Shavuot eve falls on Motza'ei Shabbat, the congregation adds the paragraph וַתּוֹדִיעֵנוּ in the middle section of the Amida. Similarly, in Kiddush, the two blessings for Havdala are inserted prior to the blessing שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ; thus the order of blessings is: wine, Kiddush, flame, Havdala, שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ (page 809).
281 When Shavuot eve falls on Friday night, Kiddush is said with additions for Shabbat.
282 The אר"י (Rabbi Isaac Luria) instituted the custom to stay awake all night and to say the Tikkun Leil Shavuot. Today most people who stay awake spend the night engaged in Torah study [משנ"ב או"ח, תצד:א].
283 Shaḥarit: for Shabbat and Yom Tov (page 459). The Shaliaḥ Tzibbur for Shaḥarit begins from the words הָאֵל בְּתַעֲצֻמוֹת עֻזֶּךָ (page 509). After Barekhu, the congregation says הַמֵּאִיר לָאָרֶץ or, if it is also Shabbat, הַכֹּל יוֹדוּךָ. The Amida for Yom Tov is said (page 817); if also Shabbat, one says the additions for Shabbat. The Repetition of the Amida is followed by Hallel, Full Kaddish, the Daily Psalm and Mourner's Kaddish. On the second day of Shavuot, Megillat Rut is read, followed by Mourner's Kaddish.
284 While the Torah is taken from the Ark, the congregation says the "Thirteen Attributes of Mercy" and a special supplication (page 565), except on Shabbat. After the Kohen has been called up, אַקְדָּמוּת are said (page 843) [משנ"ב או"ח, תצד:ב].
285 Torah Reading: first day – page 1201; second day – page 1197. Five men are called up, seven on Shabbat. Many congregations stand during the reading of the Ten Commandments (page 1201). Maftir (both days): page 1201. Haftara: first day – page 1203; second day – page 1205 [שו"ע או"ח, תצד: א–ב]. By custom, an Aramaic poem, יְצִיב פִּתְגָּם, is said after the first two verses of the Haftara of the second day.
286 The Haftara is followed by (Yekum Purkan on Shabbat, then) the prayers for the government and the State of Israel. On the first day, the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur says יָהּ אֵלִי וְגוֹאֲלִי (page 855). On the second day, Yizkor (page 847) is said, followed by אַב הָרַחֲמִים. On both days, the congregation says Ashrei, and the Torah scrolls are returned to the Ark. The Shaliaḥ Tzibbur says Half Kaddish.
287 Musaf: for Festivals (page 857). If also Shabbat, one says the additions for Shabbat. During the Repetition of the Amida, the Kohanim say Birkat Kohanim. The Shaliaḥ Tzibbur says Full Kaddish. This is followed by Ein Keloheinu (page 625) and the conclusion of the service is as for Shabbat.
288 Minḥa: for Shabbat and Yom Tov. When Shavuot falls on Shabbat, the Torah is taken from the Ark and the beginning of the portion of the week is read. The Torah is returned to the Ark and the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur says Half Kaddish. The congregation says the Amida for Yom Tov (page 817).
תַּמּוּז
TAMMUZ
שִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר בְּתַמּוּז
Shiva Asar B'Tammuz (17th of Tammuz)
289 According to the Mishna (Ta'anit 4:6), the fast of the 17th of Tammuz commemorates five calamities that befell the Jewish people on that date: (1) Moses broke the tablets, (2) the daily Tamid sacrifice was interrupted (in Second Temple times), (3) the walls of Jerusalem were breached by Titus, (4) Apostemus burned the Torah, and (5) an idol was introduced to the Temple.