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"url": "https://workbench-jerusalem-salt.thenewjew.org/siddur/tehillat-hashem-weiss/492-493-492-493-pirkei-avot-chapter-four.json",
"path": "/siddur/tehillat-hashem-weiss/492-493-492-493-pirkei-avot-chapter-four",
"format": "json",
"type": "siddur-page",
"title": "Chapter Four",
"summary": "Chapter Four, pages 492-493, with pointed Hebrew, English, and transliteration.",
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"data": {
"book": {
"slug": "tehillat-hashem-weiss",
"title": "Siddur Tehillat Hashem, Weiss Edition",
"nusach": "Chabad"
},
"page": {
"slug": "492-493-492-493-pirkei-avot-chapter-four",
"section": "Pirkei Avot",
"topic": "Chapter Four",
"printPages": "492-493",
"pdfPages": "492-493",
"header": {
"section": {
"hebrew": "פִּרְקֵי אָבוֹת",
"english": "Pirkei Avot",
"transliteration": {
"israeli": "pir|KEI a|VOT",
"orthographic": "pir|QE ʾa|VOTH",
"sephardic": "pir|QE a|VOT",
"chabad": "pir|KEI o|VOYS"
}
},
"topic": {
"hebrew": "פֶּרֶק ד",
"english": "Chapter Four",
"transliteration": {
"israeli": "PE|rek ד",
"orthographic": "PE|req ד",
"sephardic": "PE|req ד",
"chabad": "PE|rek ד"
}
},
"printPages": "492-493",
"correlativePages": "285"
},
"body": [
{
"type": "Passage",
"hebrew": "שֶׁמֵּתוֹ מֻטָּל לְפָנָיו, וְאַל תִּשְׁאַל\nלוֹ בִּשְׁעַת נִדְרוֹ, וְאַל תִּשְׁתַּדֵּל\nלִרְאוֹתוֹ בִּשְׁעַת קַלְקָלָתוֹ.",
"english": "consoled in that hour. Refrain from asking him, immediately after he gives a pledge, whether he will carry it out with no reservations, for should he answer yes, he becomes bound to his word and might afterward rue that choice. Refrain from seeking him out while he is shamed, for humiliation makes him unable to face anyone.",
"transliteration": {
"israeli": "she|me|TO mu|TAL le|fa|NAV, ve-AL tish|AL\nlo bish|AT nid|RO, ve-AL tish|ta|DEL\nlir|o|TO bish|AT kal|ka|la|TO.",
"orthographic": "shem|me|THO muṭ|ṭAL le|fa|NAV, ve|ʾAL tish|ʾAL\nlo bish|ʿATH nidh|RO, ve|ʾAL tish|tad|DEL\nlir|ʾo|THO bish|ʿATH qal|qa|la|THO.",
"sephardic": "shem|me|TO mut|TAL le|fa|NAV, ve|AL tish|AL\nlo bish|ʿAT nid|RO, ve|AL tish|tad|DEL\nlir|o|TO bish|ʿAT qal|qa|la|TO.",
"chabad": "she|mei|SOY mu|TOL l'fo|NOV, v'AL tish|AL\nloy bish|AS nid|ROY, v'AL tish|ta|DEIL\nlir|oy|SOY bish|AS kal|ko|lo|SOY."
}
},
{
"type": "Passage",
"hebrew": "יט שְׁמוּאֵל הַקָּטָן אוֹמֵר: בִּנְפֹל\nאוֹיִבְךָ אַל תִּשְׂמָח,1 וּבְכַשְּׁלוֹ\nאַל יָגֵל לִבֶּךָ, פֶּן יִרְאֶה יְהֹוָה וְרַע\nבְּעֵינָיו, וְהֵשִׁיב מֵעָלָיו אַפּוֹ.",
"english": "19 Shmuel Hakatan says: Take no delight when your foe falls,1 nor should you permit your heart to exult when he falters, lest the Lord behold your delight, and it prove evil in His sight, whereupon He shall redirect His wrath aside from your foe and upon you.",
"transliteration": {
"israeli": "יט sh'mu-EL ha|ka|TAN o|MER: bin|FOL\no|yiv|CHA al tis|MACH, uv|chash|LO\nal ya|GEL li|BE|cha, pen yir|EH a|do|NAI ve|RA\nbe-ei|NAV, ve|he|SHIV me-a|LAV a|PO.",
"orthographic": "יט she|mu|ʾEL haq|qa|ṭAN ʾo|MER: bin|FOL\nʾo|yiv|KHA ʾal tiś|MAḥ, u|ve|khas|she|LO\nʾal ya|GHEL lib|BE|kha, pen yir|ʾEH a|do|NAI ve|RAʿ\nbe|ʿe|NAV, ve|he|SHIV me|ʿa|LAV ʾap|PO.",
"sephardic": "יט she|mu|EL haq|qa|TAN o|MER: bin|FOL\no|yiv|KHA al tis|MAḥ, u|ve|khas|she|LO\nal ya|GEL lib|BE|kha, pen yir|EH a|do|NAI ve|RAʿ\nbe|ʿe|NAV, ve|he|SHIV me|ʿa|LAV ap|PO.",
"chabad": "יט sh'mu-EIL ha|ko|TON oy|MEIR: bin|FOYL\noy|yiv|CHO al tis|MOCH, uv'|chash'|LOY\nal yo|GEIL li|BE|cho, pen yir|EH a|do|NOY v'RA\nb'ei|NOV, v'hei|SHIV mei-o|LOV a|POY."
}
},
{
"type": "Passage",
"hebrew": "כ אֱלִישָׁע בֶּן אֲבוּיָה אוֹמֵר,\nהַלּוֹמֵד תּוֹרָה יֶלֶד לְמָה\nהוּא דּוֹמֶה: לִדְיוֹ כְּתוּבָה עַל\nנְיָר חָדָשׁ, וְהַלּוֹמֵד תּוֹרָה\nזָקֵן לְמָה הוּא דּוֹמֶה: לִדְיוֹ\nכְּתוּבָה עַל נְיָר מָחוּק. רַבִּי\nיוֹסֵי בַּר יְהוּדָה אִישׁ כְּפַר\nהַבַּבְלִי אוֹמֵר, הַלּוֹמֵד תּוֹרָה\nמִן הַקְּטַנִּים, לְמָה הוּא דּוֹמֶה:\nלְאוֹכֵל עֲנָבִים קֵהוֹת וְשׁוֹתֶה\nיַיִן מִגִּתּוֹ, וְהַלּוֹמֵד תּוֹרָה מִן\nהַזְּקֵנִים, לְמָה הוּא דּוֹמֶה:\nלְאוֹכֵל עֲנָבִים בְּשׁוּלוֹת\nוְשׁוֹתֶה יַיִן יָשָׁן. רַבִּי מֵאִיר\nאוֹמֵר: אַל תִּסְתַּכֵּל בַּקַּנְקַן,\nאֶלָּא בַּמֶּה שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ, יֵשׁ\nקַנְקַן חָדָשׁ מָלֵא יָשָׁן,2 וְיָשָׁן\nשֶׁאֲפִלּוּ חָדָשׁ אֵין בּוֹ.",
"english": "20 Elisha ben Avuyah says: One who studies Torah in childhood—to what may he be likened? To ink inscribed upon new parchment, which remains unfaded. Likewise, a person retains the Torah acquired in youth. By contrast, one who only studies Torah in later years—to what may he be likened? To ink inscribed upon used parchment, which pales readily. Likewise, a person more readily forgets lessons taken up in old age. Rabbi Yosei bar Yehudah of Kfar Habavli says: One who studies Torah from youths—to what may he be likened? To one who eats green grapes and drinks wine from its vat ere it has matured, for he studies from a youth, whose intellect has not yet matured. One who studies Torah from elders—to what may he be likened? To one who partakes of mature grapes and sips seasoned wine. Rabbi Meir, however, says: Do not assess a wine (teacher) by regarding its vessel (physical age). Rather, assess it by what (knowledge) resides within it; one may find a new vessel (young teacher) filled with fine, aged wine (knowledge),2 and one may find an old (teacher) that holds nothing, not even new wine (knowledge).",
"transliteration": {
"israeli": "כ e|li|SHA ben a|vu|YAH o|MER,\nha|lo|MED to|RAH YE|led le|MAH\nhu do|MEH: lid|YO k'tu|VAH al\nne|YAR cha|DASH, ve|ha|lo|MED to|RAH\nza|KEN le|MAH hu do|MEH: lid|YO\nk'tu|VAH al ne|YAR ma|CHUK. ra|BI\nyo|SEI bar ye|hu|DAH ish k'FAR\nha|bav|LI o|MER, ha|lo|MED to|RAH\nmin hak|ta|NIM, le|MAH hu do|MEH:\nle-o|CHEL a|na|VIM ke|HOT ve|sho|TEH\nya|YIN mi|gi|TO, ve|ha|lo|MED to|RAH min\nhaz|ke|NIM, le|MAH hu do|MEH:\nle-o|CHEL a|na|VIM b'shu|LOT\nve|sho|TEH ya|YIN ya|SHAN. ra|BI me-IR\no|MER: al tis|ta|KEL ba|kan|KAN,\ne|LA ba|MEH she|YESH bo, yesh\nkan|KAN cha|DASH ma|LEI ya|SHAN, ve|ya|SHAN\nshe-a|fi|LU cha|DASH ein bo.",
"orthographic": "כ ʾe|li|SHAʿ ben ʾa|vu|YAH ʾo|MER,\nhal|lo|MEDH to|RAH YE|ledh le|MAH\nhuʾ do|MEH: lidh|YO ke|thu|VAH ʿal\nne|YAR ḥa|DHASH, ve|hal|lo|MEDH to|RAH\nza|QEN le|MAH huʾ do|MEH: lidh|YO\nke|thu|VAH ʿal ne|YAR ma|ḥUQ. rab|BI\nyo|SE bar ye|hu|DHAH ʾish ke|FAR\nhab|bav|LI ʾo|MER, hal|lo|MEDH to|RAH\nmin haq|qe|ṭan|NIM, le|MAH huʾ do|MEH:\nle|ʾo|KHEL ʿa|na|VIM qe|HOTH ve|sho|THEH\nya|YIN mig|git|TO, ve|hal|lo|MEDH to|RAH min\nhaz|ze|qe|NIM, le|MAH huʾ do|MEH:\nle|ʾo|KHEL ʿa|na|VIM be|shu|LOTH\nve|sho|THEH ya|YIN ya|SHAN. rab|BI me|ʾIR\nʾo|MER: ʾal tis|tak|KEL baq|qan|QAN,\nʾel|LAʾ bam|MEH shey|YESH bo, yesh\nqan|QAN ḥa|DHASH ma|LEʾ ya|SHAN, ve|ya|SHAN\nshe|ʾa|fil|LU ḥa|DHASH ʾen bo.",
"sephardic": "כ e|li|SHAʿ ben a|vu|YAH o|MER,\nhal|lo|MED to|RAH YE|led le|MAH\nhu do|MEH: lid|YO ke|tu|VAH ʿal\nne|YAR ḥa|DASH, ve|hal|lo|MED to|RAH\nza|QEN le|MAH hu do|MEH: lid|YO\nke|tu|VAH ʿal ne|YAR ma|ḥUQ. rab|BI\nyo|SE bar ye|hu|DAH ish ke|FAR\nhab|bav|LI o|MER, hal|lo|MED to|RAH\nmin haq|qe|tan|NIM, le|MAH hu do|MEH:\nle|o|KHEL ʿa|na|VIM qe|HOT ve|sho|TEH\nya|YIN mig|git|TO, ve|hal|lo|MED to|RAH min\nhaz|ze|qe|NIM, le|MAH hu do|MEH:\nle|o|KHEL ʿa|na|VIM be|shu|LOT\nve|sho|TEH ya|YIN ya|SHAN. rab|BI me|IR\no|MER: al tis|tak|KEL baq|qan|QAN,\nel|LA bam|MEH shey|YESH bo, yesh\nqan|QAN ḥa|DASH ma|LE ya|SHAN, ve|ya|SHAN\nshe|a|fil|LU ḥa|DASH en bo.",
"chabad": "כ e|li|SHO ben a|vu|YOH oy|MEIR,\nha|loy|MEID toy|ROH YE|led l'MOH\nhu doy|MEH: lid|YOY k'su|VOH al\nn'YOR cho|DOSH, v'ha|loy|MEID toy|ROH\nzo|KEIN l'MOH hu doy|MEH: lid|YOY\nk'su|VOH al n'YOR mo|CHUK. ra|BI\nyoy|SEI bar y'hu|DOH ish k'FAR\nha|bav|LI oy|MEIR, ha|loy|MEID toy|ROH\nmin hak'|ta|NIM, l'MOH hu doy|MEH:\nl'oy|CHEIL a|no|VIM kei|HOYS v'shoy|SEH\nya|YIN mi|gi|TOY, v'ha|loy|MEID toy|ROH min\nhaz'|kei|NIM, l'MOH hu doy|MEH:\nl'oy|CHEIL a|no|VIM b'shu|LOYS\nv'shoy|SEH ya|YIN yo|SHON. ra|BI mei-IR\noy|MEIR: al tis|ta|KEIL ba|kan|KAN,\ne|LO ba|MEH she|YEISH boy, yeish\nkan|KAN cho|DOSH mo|LEI yo|SHON, v'yo|SHON\nshe-a|fi|LU cho|DOSH ein boy."
}
},
{
"type": "Passage",
"hebrew": "כא רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר הַקַּפָּר אוֹמֵר:\nהַקִּנְאָה וְהַתַּאֲוָה וְהַכָּבוֹד,\nמוֹצִיאִין אֶת הָאָדָם מִן\nהָעוֹלָם.",
"english": "21 Rabbi Elazar Hakapar says: Envy, craving for pleasure, and the chase after honor bring one to evil and will therefore drive a person from the World to Come, and likewise keep him from savoring his life in this world, for he will never feel content.",
"transliteration": {
"israeli": "כא ra|BI el|a|ZAR ha|ka|PAR o|MER:\nha|kin|AH ve|ha|ta-a|VAH ve|ha|ka|VOD,\nmo|tzi-IN et ha-a|DAM min\nha-o|LAM.",
"orthographic": "כא rab|BI ʾel|ʿa|ZAR haq|qap|PAR ʾo|MER:\nhaq|qin|ʾAH ve|hat|ta|ʾa|VAH ve|hak|ka|VODH,\nmo|tzi|ʾIN ʾeth ha|ʾa|DHAM min\nha|ʿo|LAM.",
"sephardic": "כא rab|BI el|ʿa|ZAR haq|qap|PAR o|MER:\nhaq|qin|AH ve|hat|ta|a|VAH ve|hak|ka|VOD,\nmo|tzi|IN et ha|a|DAM min\nha|ʿo|LAM.",
"chabad": "כא ra|BI el|o|ZOR ha|ka|POR oy|MEIR:\nha|kin|OH v'ha|ta-a|VOH v'ha|ko|VOYD,\nmoy|tzi-IN es ho-o|DOM min\nho-oy|LOM."
}
},
{
"type": "Passage",
"hebrew": "כב הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר: הַיִּלּוֹדִים\nלָמוּת, וְהַמֵּתִים לְהֵחָיוֹת,\nוְהַחַיִּים לָדוֹן, לֵידַע וּלְהוֹדִיעַ\nוּלְהִוָּדַע שֶׁהוּא אֵל, הוּא\nהַיּוֹצֵר, הוּא הַבּוֹרֵא, הוּא\nהַמֵּבִין, הוּא הַדַּיָּן, הוּא\nהָעֵד, הוּא בַּעַל דִּין, הוּא\nעָתִיד לָדוֹן. בָּרוּךְ הוּא,\nשֶׁאֵין לְפָנָיו לֹא עַוְלָה, וְלֹא\nשִׁכְחָה, וְלֹא מַשּׂוֹא פָּנִים,\nוְלֹא מִקַּח שֹׁחַד,3 וְדַע שֶׁהַכֹּל\nלְפִי הַחֶשְׁבּוֹן. וְאַל יַבְטִיחֲךָ\nיִצְרְךָ שֶׁהַשְּׁאוֹל בֵּית מָנוֹס\nלָךְ, שֶׁעַל כָּרְחֲךָ אַתָּה נוֹצָר,\nוְעַל כָּרְחֲךָ אַתָּה נוֹלָד, וְעַל",
"english": "22 Rabbi Elazar Hakapar would often declare: Those who come to birth will in the end die, those who are dead shall be in the end restored to life, and even those who are restored to life shall stand judged by God on the Day of Judgment. This comes about so that people to know, to cause others to know, and to have it proclaimed across the earth that God is God, He is the Fashioner of all creation, He is the Creator of the cosmos, He is the One Who comprehends everything, He is the Judge Who determines what transpires in this world, He is the Witness to every deed, He is the Plaintiff Who suffered wrong and requires the trial, and He shall judge in time to come, in the World to Come. He is blessed, for no injustice exists before Him, there is no oblivion, no partiality, and no bribery,3 so every verdict is right and just. Know that all of God's recompense and chastisement are meted according to the reckoning that He has kept. Do not let your evil inclination persuade you that once you die, your grave will serve as a haven for you to escape judgment, because even as you were compelled to be shaped—without your consent, and",
"transliteration": {
"israeli": "כב hu ha|YAH o|MER: ha|yi|lo|DIM\nla|MUT, ve|ha|me|TIM le|he|cha|YOT,\nve|ha|cha|YIM la|DON, LEI|da u|le|ho|DIA\nu|le|hi|va|DA she|HU el, hu\nha|yo|TZER, hu ha|bo|REI, hu\nha|me|VIN, hu ha|da|YAN, hu\nha-ED, hu ba-AL din, hu\na|TID la|DON. ba|RUCH hu,\nshe-EIN le|fa|NAV lo av|LAH, ve|LO\nshich|CHAH, ve|LO ma|SO pa|NIM,\nve|LO mi|KACH sho|CHAD, ve|DA she|ha|KOL\nle|FI ha|chesh|BON. ve-AL yav|ti|cha|CHA\nyitz|re|CHA she|ha|she-OL beit ma|NOS\nlach, she-AL ka|re|cha|CHA a|TAH no|TZAR,\nve-AL ka|re|cha|CHA a|TAH no|LAD, ve-AL",
"orthographic": "כב huʾ ha|YAH ʾo|MER: hay|yil|lo|DHIM\nla|MUTH, ve|ham|me|THIM le|he|ḥa|YOTH,\nve|ha|ḥay|YIM la|DHON, LE|dhaʿ u|le|ho|DHIAʿ\nu|le|hiv|va|DHAʿ she|HUʾ ʾel, huʾ\nhay|yo|TZER, huʾ hab|bo|REʾ, huʾ\nham|me|VIN, huʾ had|day|YAN, huʾ\nha|ʿEDH, huʾ ba|ʿAL din, huʾ\nʿa|THIDH la|DHON. ba|RUKH huʾ,\nshe|ʾEN le|fa|NAV loʾ ʿav|LAH, ve|LOʾ\nshikh|ḥAH, ve|LOʾ maś|śOʾ pa|NIM,\nve|LOʾ miq|QAḥ sho|ḥADH, ve|DHAʿ she|hak|KOL\nle|FI ha|ḥesh|BON. ve|ʾAL yav|ṭi|ḥa|KHA\nyitz|re|KHA she|has|she|ʾOL beth ma|NOS\nlakh, she|ʿAL ka|re|ḥa|KHA ʾat|TAH no|TZAR,\nve|ʿAL ka|re|ḥa|KHA ʾat|TAH no|LADH, ve|ʿAL",
"sephardic": "כב hu ha|YAH o|MER: hay|yil|lo|DIM\nla|MUT, ve|ham|me|TIM le|he|ḥa|YOT,\nve|ha|ḥay|YIM la|DON, LE|daʿ u|le|ho|DIAʿ\nu|le|hiv|va|DAʿ she|HU el, hu\nhay|yo|TZER, hu hab|bo|RE, hu\nham|me|VIN, hu had|day|YAN, hu\nha|ʿED, hu ba|ʿAL din, hu\nʿa|TID la|DON. ba|RUKH hu,\nshe|EN le|fa|NAV lo ʿav|LAH, ve|LO\nshikh|ḥAH, ve|LO mas|SO pa|NIM,\nve|LO miq|QAḥ sho|ḥAD, ve|DAʿ she|hak|KOL\nle|FI ha|ḥesh|BON. ve|AL yav|ti|ḥa|KHA\nyitz|re|KHA she|has|she|OL bet ma|NOS\nlakh, she|ʿAL ka|re|ḥa|KHA at|TAH no|TZAR,\nve|ʿAL ka|re|ḥa|KHA at|TAH no|LAD, ve|ʿAL",
"chabad": "כב hu ho|YOH oy|MEIR: ha|yi|loy|DIM\nlo|MUS, v'ha|mei|SIM l'hei|cho|YOYS,\nv'ha|cha|YIM lo|DOYN, LEI|da ul'|hoy|DIA\nul'|hi|vo|DA she|HU eil, hu\nha|yoy|TZEIR, hu ha|boy|REI, hu\nha|mei|VIN, hu ha|da|YON, hu\nho-EID, hu ba-AL din, hu\no|SID lo|DOYN. bo|RUCH hu,\nshe-EIN l'fo|NOV loy av|LOH, v'LOY\nshich|CHOH, v'LOY ma|SOY po|NIM,\nv'LOY mi|KACH shoy|CHAD, v'DA she|ha|KOYL\nl'FI ha|chesh|BOYN. v'AL yav|ti|cha|CHO\nyitz|r'CHO she|hash'-OYL beis mo|NOYS\nloch, she-AL kor'|cha|CHO a|TOH noy|TZOR,\nv'AL kor'|cha|CHO a|TOH noy|LOD, v'AL"
}
}
],
"footer": [
{
"type": "Commentary",
"text": "1 This does not merely refer to a personal enemy, but even to an enemy of Judaism itself—one who fights against the Torah and its commandments. Even at the downfall of such a person, we are not to rejoice. Perhaps we could have done more to bring him closer to the right path, which would have prevented his downfall.",
"marker": "1",
"attribution": "The Rebbe"
},
{
"type": "Commentary",
"text": "2 Even one who is relatively \"new\" to the Torah and its commandments has the ability to teach others what he has learned, even if they are already wise and \"old.\" Conversely, one who is \"old\" and experienced in the ways of Torah and its wisdom must teach \"new,\" inexperienced people to bring them closer to God.",
"marker": "2",
"attribution": "The Rebbe"
},
{
"type": "Commentary",
"text": "3 Sins sever a person's connection to God and can be fixed only through repentance. Doing more good deeds is great, but doesn't \"bribe\" God to forgive sins.",
"marker": "3",
"attribution": "The Rebbe"
}
]
}
},
"links": [
{
"rel": "parent",
"title": "Siddur Tehillat Hashem, Weiss Edition",
"href": "/siddur/tehillat-hashem-weiss.json"
},
{
"rel": "prev",
"title": "Chapter Four",
"href": "/siddur/tehillat-hashem-weiss/490-491-490-491-pirkei-avot-chapter-four.json"
},
{
"rel": "next",
"title": "Chapter Five",
"href": "/siddur/tehillat-hashem-weiss/494-495-494-495-pirkei-avot-chapter-five.json"
}
]
}