{ "url": "https://workbench-jerusalem-salt.thenewjew.org/siddur/koren-shalem/810-811-738-739-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers.json", "path": "/siddur/koren-shalem/810-811-738-739-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers", "format": "json", "type": "siddur-page", "title": "Ethics of the Fathers", "summary": "Ethics of the Fathers, pages 738-739, with pointed Hebrew, English, and transliteration.", "breadcrumbs": [ { "title": "The New Jew", "href": "/index.json" }, { "title": "Siddurim", "href": "/siddur.json" }, { "title": "Koren Shalem Siddur", "href": "/siddur/koren-shalem.json" }, { "title": "Ethics of the Fathers", "href": "/siddur/koren-shalem/810-811-738-739-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers.json" } ], "alternates": { "html": "https://workbench-jerusalem-salt.thenewjew.org/siddur/koren-shalem/810-811-738-739-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers", "json": "https://workbench-jerusalem-salt.thenewjew.org/siddur/koren-shalem/810-811-738-739-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers.json", "xml": "https://workbench-jerusalem-salt.thenewjew.org/siddur/koren-shalem/810-811-738-739-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers.xml" }, "data": { "book": { "slug": "koren-shalem", "title": "Koren Shalem Siddur", "nusach": "Sepharad" }, "page": { "slug": "810-811-738-739-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers", "section": "Minha for Shabbat", "topic": "Ethics of the Fathers", "printPages": "738-739", "pdfPages": "810-811", "header": { "section": { "hebrew": "מנחה לשבת", "transliteration": { "israeli": "min|CHAH le|sha|BAT", "orthographic": "min|ḥAH le|shab|BATH", "sephardic": "min|ḥAH le|shab|BAT", "chabad": "min|CHOH l'sha|BOS" }, "english": "Minha for Shabbat" }, "topic": { "hebrew": "פרקי אבות - פרק ה", "transliteration": { "israeli": "pir|KEI a|VOT - PE|rek ה", "orthographic": "pir|QE ʾa|VOTH - PE|req ה", "sephardic": "pir|QE a|VOT - PE|req ה", "chabad": "pir|KEI o|VOYS - PE|rek ה" }, "english": "Ethics of the Fathers" }, "printPages": "738-739" }, "body": [ { "type": "Passage", "hebrew": "וּמֵשִׁיב כַּהֲלָכָה, וְאוֹמֵר עַל רִאשׁוֹן רִאשׁוֹן וְעַל אַחֲרוֹן אַחֲרוֹן, וְעַל מַה שֶּׁלֹּא\nשָׁמַע אוֹמֵר לֹא שָׁמָעְתִּי, וּמוֹדֶה עַל הָאֱמֶת. וְחִלּוּפֵיהֶן בַּגֹּלֶם.", "transliteration": { "israeli": "u|me|SHIV ka|ha|la|CHAH, ve-o|MER al ri|SHON ri|SHON ve-AL a|cha|RON a|cha|RON, ve-AL mah she|LO\nsha|MA o|MER lo sha|MA|ti, u|mo|DEH al ha-e|MET. ve|chi|lu|fei|HEN ba|GO|lem.", "orthographic": "u|me|SHIV ka|ha|la|KHAH, ve|ʾo|MER ʿal riʾ|SHON riʾ|SHON ve|ʿAL ʾa|ḥa|RON ʾa|ḥa|RON, ve|ʿAL mah shel|LOʾ\nsha|MAʿ ʾo|MER loʾ sha|MAʿT|ti, u|mo|DHEH ʿal ha|ʾe|METH. ve|ḥil|lu|fe|HEN bag|GO|lem.", "sephardic": "u|me|SHIV ka|ha|la|KHAH, ve|o|MER ʿal ri|SHON ri|SHON ve|ʿAL a|ḥa|RON a|ḥa|RON, ve|ʿAL mah shel|LO\nsha|MAʿ o|MER lo sha|MAʿT|ti, u|mo|DEH ʿal ha|e|MET. ve|ḥil|lu|fe|HEN bag|GO|lem.", "chabad": "u|mei|SHIV ka|ha|lo|CHOH, v'oy|MEIR al ri|SHOYN ri|SHOYN v'AL a|cha|ROYN a|cha|ROYN, v'AL mah she|LOY\nsho|MA oy|MEIR loy sho|MO|ti, u|moy|DEH al ho-e|MES. v'chi|lu|fei|HEN ba|GOY|lem." }, "english": "last things last; (6) of what he has not heard he says, “I have not heard”; and (7) he admits the truth. An uncultured person is marked by the opposites of these." }, { "type": "Passage", "hebrew": "שִׁבְעָה מִינֵי פֻרְעָנִיּוֹת בָּאִין לָעוֹלָם עַל שִׁבְעָה גוּפֵי עֲבֵרָה. מִקְצָתָן מְעַשְּׂרִין\nוּמִקְצָתָן אֵינָן מְעַשְּׂרִין, רָעָב שֶׁל בַּצֹּרֶת בָּא, מִקְצָתָן רְעֵבִים וּמִקְצָתָן שְׂבֵעִים.\nגָּמְרוּ שֶׁלֹּא לְעַשֵּׂר, רָעָב שֶׁל מְהוּמָה וְשֶׁל בַּצֹּרֶת בָּא. וְשֶׁלֹּא לִטֹּל אֶת\nהַחַלָּה, רָעָב שֶׁל כְּלָיָה בָּא.", "transliteration": { "israeli": "shiv|AH mi|NEI fur|a|ni|YOT ba-IN la-o|LAM al shiv|AH gu|FEI a|ve|RAH. mik|tza|TAN me-as|RIN\nu|mik|tza|TAN ei|NAN me-as|RIN, ra-AV shel ba|TZO|ret ba, mik|tza|TAN re-e|VIM u|mik|tza|TAN s've-IM.\nga|me|RU she|LO le-a|SER, ra-AV shel me|hu|MAH ve|SHEL ba|TZO|ret ba. ve|she|LO li|TOL et\nha|cha|LAH, ra-AV shel k'la|YAH ba.", "orthographic": "shiv|ʿAH mi|NE fur|ʿa|niy|YOTH ba|ʾIN la|ʿo|LAM ʿal shiv|ʿAH ghu|FE ʿa|ve|RAH. miq|tza|THAN me|ʿaś|śe|RIN\nu|miq|tza|THAN ʾe|NAN me|ʿaś|śe|RIN, ra|ʿAV shel bat|TZO|reth baʾ, miq|tza|THAN re|ʿe|VIM u|miq|tza|THAN śe|ve|ʿIM.\nga|me|RU shel|LOʾ le|ʿaś|śER, ra|ʿAV shel me|hu|MAH ve|SHEL bat|TZO|reth baʾ. ve|shel|LOʾ liṭ|ṭOL ʾeth\nha|ḥal|LAH, ra|ʿAV shel ke|la|YAH baʾ.", "sephardic": "shiv|ʿAH mi|NE fur|ʿa|niy|YOT ba|IN la|ʿo|LAM ʿal shiv|ʿAH gu|FE ʿa|ve|RAH. miq|tza|TAN me|ʿas|se|RIN\nu|miq|tza|TAN e|NAN me|ʿas|se|RIN, ra|ʿAV shel bat|TZO|ret ba, miq|tza|TAN re|ʿe|VIM u|miq|tza|TAN se|ve|ʿIM.\nga|me|RU shel|LO le|ʿas|SER, ra|ʿAV shel me|hu|MAH ve|SHEL bat|TZO|ret ba. ve|shel|LO lit|TOL et\nha|ḥal|LAH, ra|ʿAV shel ke|la|YAH ba.", "chabad": "shiv|OH mi|NEI fur|o|ni|YOYS bo-IN lo-oy|LOM al shiv|OH gu|FEI a|vei|ROH. mik|tzo|SON m'as'|RIN\nu|mik|tzo|SON ei|NON m'as'|RIN, ro-OV shel ba|TZOY|res bo, mik|tzo|SON r'ei|VIM u|mik|tzo|SON s'vei-IM.\ngom'|RU she|LOY l'a|SEIR, ro-OV shel m'hu|MOH v'SHEL ba|TZOY|res bo. v'she|LOY li|TOYL es\nha|cha|LOH, ro-OV shel k'lo|YOH bo." }, "english": "For seven kinds of transgression, seven types of punishment come into the world: (1) If some tithe and others do not, drought brings a famine, so that some go hungry while others have sufficient. (2) If all resolve not to tithe, famine comes by tumult [of war] as well as drought. (3) If they also resolve not to set apart halla, a fatal famine follows." }, { "type": "Passage", "hebrew": "דֶּבֶר בָּא לָעוֹלָם עַל מִיתוֹת הָאֲמוּרוֹת בַּתּוֹרָה שֶׁלֹּא נִמְסְרוּ לְבֵית דִּין, וְעַל\nפֵּרוֹת שְׁבִיעִית. חֶרֶב בָּאָה לָעוֹלָם עַל עִנּוּי הַדִּין, וְעַל עִוּוּת הַדִּין, וְעַל הַמּוֹרִים\nבַּתּוֹרָה שֶׁלֹּא כַהֲלָכָה.", "transliteration": { "israeli": "DE|ver ba la-o|LAM al mi|TOT ha-a|mu|ROT ba|to|RAH she|LO nim|se|RU le|VEIT din, ve-AL\npe|ROT sh'vi-IT. CHE|rev ba-AH la-o|LAM al i|NUI ha|DIN, ve-AL i|VUT ha|DIN, ve-AL ha|mo|RIM\nba|to|RAH she|LO cha|ha|la|CHAH.", "orthographic": "DE|ver baʾ la|ʿo|LAM ʿal mi|THOTH ha|ʾa|mu|ROTH bat|to|RAH shel|LOʾ nim|se|RU le|VETH din, ve|ʿAL\npe|ROTH she|vi|ʿITH. ḥE|rev ba|ʾAH la|ʿo|LAM ʿal ʿin|NUI had|DIN, ve|ʿAL ʿiv|VUTH had|DIN, ve|ʿAL ham|mo|RIM\nbat|to|RAH shel|LOʾ kha|ha|la|KHAH.", "sephardic": "DE|ver ba la|ʿo|LAM ʿal mi|TOT ha|a|mu|ROT bat|to|RAH shel|LO nim|se|RU le|VET din, ve|ʿAL\npe|ROT she|vi|ʿIT. ḥE|rev ba|AH la|ʿo|LAM ʿal ʿin|NUI had|DIN, ve|ʿAL ʿiv|VUT had|DIN, ve|ʿAL ham|mo|RIM\nbat|to|RAH shel|LO kha|ha|la|KHAH.", "chabad": "DE|ver bo lo-oy|LOM al mi|SOYS ho-a|mu|ROYS ba|toy|ROH she|LOY nim|s'RU l'VEIS din, v'AL\npei|ROYS sh'vi-IS. CHE|rev bo-OH lo-oy|LOM al i|NUI ha|DIN, v'AL i|VUS ha|DIN, v'AL ha|moy|RIM\nba|toy|ROH she|LOY cha|ha|lo|CHOH." }, "english": "(4) Pestilence enters the world for offenses that, according to the Torah, bear the death penalty, yet lie outside a human tribunal’s preserve, and also for transgression of the laws relating to seventh-year produce. (5) The sword enters the world for delay of justice, the perversion of justice, and for those who render a legal decision contrary to normative Torah law." }, { "type": "Passage", "hebrew": "חַיָּה רָעָה בָּאָה לָעוֹלָם עַל שְׁבוּעַת שָׁוְא וְעַל חִלּוּל הַשֵּׁם. גָּלוּת בָּאָה לָעוֹלָם\nעַל עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה, וְעַל גִּלּוּי עֲרָיוֹת, וְעַל שְׁפִיכוּת דָּמִים, וְעַל שְׁמִטַּת הָאָרֶץ.", "transliteration": { "israeli": "cha|YAH ra-AH ba-AH la-o|LAM al sh'vu-AT shav ve-AL chi|LUL ha|SHEM. ga|LUT ba-AH la-o|LAM\nal a|vo|DAH za|RAH, ve-AL gi|LUI a|ra|YOT, ve-AL sh'fi|CHUT da|MIM, ve-AL sh'mi|TAT ha-a|RETZ.", "orthographic": "ḥay|YAH ra|ʿAH ba|ʾAH la|ʿo|LAM ʿal she|vu|ʿATH shavʾ ve|ʿAL ḥil|LUL has|SHEM. ga|LUTH ba|ʾAH la|ʿo|LAM\nʿal ʿa|vo|DHAH za|RAH, ve|ʿAL gil|LUI ʿa|ra|YOTH, ve|ʿAL she|fi|KHUTH da|MIM, ve|ʿAL she|miṭ|ṭATH ha|ʾa|RETZ.", "sephardic": "ḥay|YAH ra|ʿAH ba|AH la|ʿo|LAM ʿal she|vu|ʿAT shav ve|ʿAL ḥil|LUL has|SHEM. ga|LUT ba|AH la|ʿo|LAM\nʿal ʿa|vo|DAH za|RAH, ve|ʿAL gil|LUI ʿa|ra|YOT, ve|ʿAL she|fi|KHUT da|MIM, ve|ʿAL she|mit|TAT ha|a|RETZ.", "chabad": "cha|YOH ro-OH bo-OH lo-oy|LOM al sh'vu-AS shov v'AL chi|LUL ha|SHEIM. go|LUS bo-OH lo-oy|LOM\nal a|voy|DOH zo|ROH, v'AL gi|LUI a|ro|YOYS, v'AL sh'fi|CHUS do|MIM, v'AL sh'mi|TAS ho-o|RETZ." }, "english": "(6) Wild beasts enter the world on account of perjury and the desecration of God’s name. (7) Exile enters the world for idolatry, sexual immorality and bloodshed, and for violating the land’s sabbatical year." }, { "type": "Passage", "hebrew": "בְּאַרְבָּעָה פְרָקִים הַדֶּבֶר מִתְרַבֶּה, בָּרְבִיעִית, וּבַשְּׁבִיעִית, וּבְמוֹצָאֵי שְׁבִיעִית,\nוּבְמוֹצָאֵי הֶחָג שֶׁבְּכָל שָׁנָה וְשָׁנָה. בָּרְבִיעִית, מִפְּנֵי מַעְשַׂר עָנִי שֶׁבַּשְּׁלִישִׁית,\nבַּשְּׁבִיעִית, מִפְּנֵי מַעְשַׂר עָנִי שֶׁבַּשִּׁשִּׁית. בְּמוֹצָאֵי שְׁבִיעִית, מִפְּנֵי פֵרוֹת\nשְׁבִיעִית. בְּמוֹצָאֵי הֶחָג שֶׁבְּכָל שָׁנָה וְשָׁנָה, מִפְּנֵי גֶזֶל מַתְּנוֹת עֲנִיִּים.", "transliteration": { "israeli": "be-ar|ba-AH f'ra|KIM ha|DE|ver mit|ra|BEH, ba|re|vi-IT, u|vash|vi-IT, uv|mo|tza-EI sh'vi-IT,\nuv|mo|tza-EI he|CHAG sheb|CHOL sha|NAH ve|sha|NAH. ba|re|vi-IT, mip|NEI ma|SAR a|NI she|bash|li|SHIT,\nbash|vi-IT, mip|NEI ma|SAR a|NI she|ba|shi|SHIT. b'mo|tza-EI sh'vi-IT, mip|NEI fe|ROT\nsh'vi-IT. b'mo|tza-EI he|CHAG sheb|CHOL sha|NAH ve|sha|NAH, mip|NEI GE|zel mat|NOT a|ni|YIM.", "orthographic": "be|ʾar|ba|ʿAH fe|ra|QIM had|DE|ver mith|rab|BEH, ba|re|vi|ʿITH, u|vas|she|vi|ʿITH, u|ve|mo|tza|ʾE she|vi|ʿITH,\nu|ve|mo|tza|ʾE he|ḥAGH sheb|be|KHOL sha|NAH ve|sha|NAH. ba|re|vi|ʿITH, mip|pe|NE maʿ|śAR ʿa|NI sheb|bas|she|li|SHITH,\nbas|she|vi|ʿITH, mip|pe|NE maʿ|śAR ʿa|NI sheb|bas|shis|SHITH. be|mo|tza|ʾE she|vi|ʿITH, mip|pe|NE fe|ROTH\nshe|vi|ʿITH. be|mo|tza|ʾE he|ḥAGH sheb|be|KHOL sha|NAH ve|sha|NAH, mip|pe|NE GHE|zel mat|te|NOTH ʿa|niy|YIM.", "sephardic": "be|ar|ba|ʿAH fe|ra|QIM had|DE|ver mit|rab|BEH, ba|re|vi|ʿIT, u|vas|she|vi|ʿIT, u|ve|mo|tza|E she|vi|ʿIT,\nu|ve|mo|tza|E he|ḥAG sheb|be|KHOL sha|NAH ve|sha|NAH. ba|re|vi|ʿIT, mip|pe|NE maʿ|SAR ʿa|NI sheb|bas|she|li|SHIT,\nbas|she|vi|ʿIT, mip|pe|NE maʿ|SAR ʿa|NI sheb|bas|shis|SHIT. be|mo|tza|E she|vi|ʿIT, mip|pe|NE fe|ROT\nshe|vi|ʿIT. be|mo|tza|E he|ḥAG sheb|be|KHOL sha|NAH ve|sha|NAH, mip|pe|NE GE|zel mat|te|NOT ʿa|niy|YIM.", "chabad": "b'ar|bo-OH f'ro|KIM ha|DE|ver mis|ra|BEH, bor'|vi-IS, u|vash'|vi-IS, uv'|moy|tzo-EI sh'vi-IS,\nuv'|moy|tzo-EI he|CHOG sheb'|CHOL sho|NOH v'sho|NOH. bor'|vi-IS, mip'|NEI ma|SAR o|NI she|bash'|li|SHIS,\nbash'|vi-IS, mip'|NEI ma|SAR o|NI she|ba|shi|SHIS. b'moy|tzo-EI sh'vi-IS, mip'|NEI fei|ROYS\nsh'vi-IS. b'moy|tzo-EI he|CHOG sheb'|CHOL sho|NOH v'sho|NOH, mip'|NEI GE|zel mat'|NOYS a|ni|YIM." }, "english": "Pestilence increases at four periods [of the seven-year sabbatical cycle]: in the fourth year, the seventh year, the year after the sabbatical year, and each year at the close of the Festival of Sukkot. In the fourth year, [pestilence increases] on account of neglecting the poor-tithe of the third year; in the seventh year, on account of neglecting the poor-tithe of the sixth year; in the year following the sabbatical year, on account of violating the laws of seventh-year produce; and at the close of the Festival of Sukkot, for robbing the poor of their gifts." }, { "type": "Passage", "hebrew": "אַרְבַּע מִדּוֹת בָּאָדָם. הָאוֹמֵר שֶׁלִּי שֶׁלִּי וְשֶׁלְּךָ שֶׁלְּךָ, זוֹ מִדָּה בֵינוֹנִית, וְיֵשׁ", "transliteration": { "israeli": "ar|BA mi|DOT ba-a|DAM. ha-o|MER she|LI she|LI ve|she|le|CHA she|le|CHA, zo mi|DAH vei|no|NIT, ve|YESH", "orthographic": "ʾar|BAʿ mid|DOTH ba|ʾa|DHAM. ha|ʾo|MER shel|LI shel|LI ve|shel|le|KHA shel|le|KHA, zo mid|DAH ve|no|NITH, ve|YESH", "sephardic": "ar|BAʿ mid|DOT ba|a|DAM. ha|o|MER shel|LI shel|LI ve|shel|le|KHA shel|le|KHA, zo mid|DAH ve|no|NIT, ve|YESH", "chabad": "ar|BA mi|DOYS bo-o|DOM. ho-oy|MEIR she|LI she|LI v'shel'|CHO shel'|CHO, zoy mi|DOH vei|noy|NIS, v'YEISH" }, "english": "Four types of human character exist: (1) Whoever says, “What is mine is mine, and what is yours is yours,” is an average person, though some call this a Sodom type. (2) Whoever says, “What is mine is yours and what is yours is mine,” is an ignoramus. (3) Whoever says, “What is mine is yours and what" } ], "footer": [ { "type": "Commentary", "text": "“There is nothing new under the sun” (1:9). On the eve of the Sabbath at twilight – between the six days of nature, and the seventh, which belongs to the One who transcends nature. The mouth of the earth, which opened to swallow Koraḥ; the mouth of the well, which accompanied the Israelites on their journey through the wilderness; the mouth of [Balaam’s] ass, which spoke (Num. 22:28); the rainbow, which appeared after the Flood; the manna, which descended as “bread from heaven”; the staff, with which Moses performed signs and wonders; the Shamir, the miraculous worm which, according to tradition, split the stones from which the Temple was made; the writing [on the Tablets], which could be seen from both sides; the inscription of the Tablets and the Tablets themselves, hewn and inscribed by God. Some say, also tongs made with tongs: the infinite regress – what held the first implement forged by fire, if not another implement forged by fire?" }, { "type": "Commentary", "text": "5:10. Seven types of punishment: As heirs to the prophetic tradition, the sages sought to understand national calamities as divine punishment, measure for measure, for national failings, religious, ethical or social. Thus the appropriate response to tragedy was collective penitence and rededication of the nation to the principles on which it was founded." }, { "type": "Commentary", "text": "5:13. Robbing the poor of their gifts: The gleanings of the harvest, the corners of the field, and forgotten sheaves. These were to be left for the poor at harvest time; hence the connection with Sukkot, the harvest festival." }, { "type": "Commentary", "text": "5:14. Some say this is a Sodom type: The sin of Sodom, according to Ezekiel 16:49, was that “they did not help the poor and needy.” Insisting on property rights, they frowned on charity. An ignoramus: this, according to some scholars, is a critique of the property-sharing communes associated with the Essenes." } ] } }, "links": [ { "rel": "parent", "title": "Koren Shalem Siddur", "href": "/siddur/koren-shalem.json" }, { "rel": "prev", "title": "Ethics of the Fathers", "href": "/siddur/koren-shalem/808-809-736-737-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers.json" }, { "rel": "next", "title": "Ethics of the Fathers", "href": "/siddur/koren-shalem/812-813-740-741-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers.json" } ] }