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  <title>Ethics of the Fathers</title>
  <summary>Ethics of the Fathers, pages 726-727, with pointed Hebrew, English, and transliteration.</summary>
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      <title>Ethics of the Fathers</title>
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    <book>
      <slug>koren-shalem</slug>
      <title>Koren Shalem Siddur</title>
      <nusach>Sepharad</nusach>
    </book>
    <page>
      <slug>798-799-726-727-minha-for-shabbat-ethics-of-the-fathers</slug>
      <section>Minha for Shabbat</section>
      <topic>Ethics of the Fathers</topic>
      <printPages>726-727</printPages>
      <pdfPages>798-799</pdfPages>
      <header>
        <section>
          <hebrew>מִנְחָה לְשַׁבָּת</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>min|CHAH le|sha|BAT</israeli>
            <orthographic>min|ḥAH le|shab|BATH</orthographic>
            <sephardic>min|ḥAH le|shab|BAT</sephardic>
            <chabad>min|CHOH l&apos;sha|BOS</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>MINḤA FOR SHABBAT</english>
        </section>
        <topic>
          <hebrew>פִּרְקֵי אָבוֹת – פֶּרֶק ג</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>pir|KEI a|VOT - PE|rek ג</israeli>
            <orthographic>pir|QE ʾa|VOTH - PE|req ג</orthographic>
            <sephardic>pir|QE a|VOT - PE|req ג</sephardic>
            <chabad>pir|KEI o|VOYS - PE|rek ג</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>ETHICS OF THE FATHERS</english>
        </topic>
        <printPages>726-727</printPages>
      </header>
      <body>
        <body>
          <type>Passage</type>
          <hebrew>הַכֹּל צָפוּי, וְהָרְשׁוּת נְתוּנָה, וּבְטוּב הָעוֹלָם נִדּוֹן, וְהַכֹּל לְפִי רֹב הַמַּעֲשֶׂה.</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>ha|KOL tza|FUI, ve|ha|re|SHUT ne|tu|NAH, uv|TUV ha-o|LAM ni|DON, ve|ha|KOL le|FI rov ha|ma-a|SEH.</israeli>
            <orthographic>hak|KOL tza|FUI, ve|ha|re|SHUTH ne|thu|NAH, u|ve|ṭUV ha|ʿo|LAM nid|DON, ve|hak|KOL le|FI rov ham|ma|ʿa|śEH.</orthographic>
            <sephardic>hak|KOL tza|FUI, ve|ha|re|SHUT ne|tu|NAH, u|ve|TUV ha|ʿo|LAM nid|DON, ve|hak|KOL le|FI rov ham|ma|ʿa|SEH.</sephardic>
            <chabad>ha|KOYL tzo|FUI, v&apos;hor&apos;|SHUS n&apos;su|NOH, uv&apos;|TUV ho-oy|LOM ni|DOYN, v&apos;ha|KOYL l&apos;FI royv ha|ma-a|SEH.</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>Everything is foreseen, yet freedom of choice is granted. The world is judged in goodness, yet all depends on the majority of one’s deeds.</english>
        </body>
        <body>
          <type>Passage</type>
          <hebrew>הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר: הַכֹּל נָתוּן בָּעֵרָבוֹן, וּמְצוּדָה פְרוּסָה עַל כָּל הַחַיִּים. הַחֲנוּת
פְּתוּחָה, וְהַחֶנְוָנִי מֵקִיף, וְהַפִּנְקָס פָּתוּחַ, וְהַיָּד כּוֹתֶבֶת, וְכָל הָרוֹצֶה לִלְווֹת יָבֹא
וְיִלְוֶה. וְהַגַּבָּאִין מַחֲזִירִין תָּדִיר בְּכָל יוֹם, וְנִפְרָעִין מִן הָאָדָם מִדַּעְתּוֹ וְשֶׁלֹּא
מִדַּעְתּוֹ, וְיֵשׁ לָהֶם עַל מַה שֶּׁיִּסְמֹכוּ. וְהַדִּין דִּין אֱמֶת. וְהַכֹּל מְתֻקָּן לַסְּעוּדָה.</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>hu ha|YAH o|MER: ha|KOL na|TUN ba-e|ra|VON, u|me|tzu|DAH f&apos;ru|SAH al kol ha|cha|YIM. ha|cha|NUT
p&apos;tu|CHAH, ve|ha|chen|va|NI me|KIF, ve|ha|pin|KAS pa|TUACH, ve|ha|YAD ko|TE|vet, ve|CHOL ha|ro|TZEH lil|VOT ya|VO
ve|yil|VEH. ve|ha|ga|ba-IN ma|cha|zi|RIN ta|DIR b&apos;CHOL yom, ve|nif|ra-IN min ha-a|DAM mi|da|TO ve|she|LO
mi|da|TO, ve|YESH la|HEM al mah she|yis|mo|CHU. ve|ha|DIN din e|MET. ve|ha|KOL me|tu|KAN la|se|u|DAH.</israeli>
            <orthographic>huʾ ha|YAH ʾo|MER: hak|KOL na|THUN ba|ʿe|ra|VON, u|me|tzu|DHAH fe|ru|SAH ʿal kol ha|ḥay|YIM. ha|ḥa|NUTH
pe|thu|ḥAH, ve|ha|ḥen|va|NI me|QIF, ve|hap|pin|QAS pa|THUAḥ, ve|hay|YADH ko|THE|veth, ve|KHOL ha|ro|TZEH lil|VOTH ya|VOʾ
ve|yil|VEH. ve|hag|gab|ba|ʾIN ma|ḥa|zi|RIN ta|DHIR be|KHOL yom, ve|nif|ra|ʿIN min ha|ʾa|DHAM mid|daʿ|TO ve|shel|LOʾ
mid|daʿ|TO, ve|YESH la|HEM ʿal mah shey|yis|mo|KHU. ve|had|DIN din ʾe|METH. ve|hak|KOL me|thuq|QAN las|se|ʿu|DHAH.</orthographic>
            <sephardic>hu ha|YAH o|MER: hak|KOL na|TUN ba|ʿe|ra|VON, u|me|tzu|DAH fe|ru|SAH ʿal kol ha|ḥay|YIM. ha|ḥa|NUT
pe|tu|ḥAH, ve|ha|ḥen|va|NI me|QIF, ve|hap|pin|QAS pa|TUAḥ, ve|hay|YAD ko|TE|vet, ve|KHOL ha|ro|TZEH lil|VOT ya|VO
ve|yil|VEH. ve|hag|gab|ba|IN ma|ḥa|zi|RIN ta|DIR be|KHOL yom, ve|nif|ra|ʿIN min ha|a|DAM mid|daʿ|TO ve|shel|LO
mid|daʿ|TO, ve|YESH la|HEM ʿal mah shey|yis|mo|KHU. ve|had|DIN din e|MET. ve|hak|KOL me|tuq|QAN las|se|ʿu|DAH.</sephardic>
            <chabad>hu ho|YOH oy|MEIR: ha|KOYL no|SUN bo-ei|ro|VOYN, um&apos;|tzu|DOH f&apos;ru|SOH al kol ha|cha|YIM. ha|cha|NUS
p&apos;su|CHOH, v&apos;ha|chen|vo|NI mei|KIF, v&apos;ha|pin|KOS po|SUACH, v&apos;ha|YOD koy|SE|ves, v&apos;CHOL ho|roy|TZEH lil|VOYS yo|VOY
v&apos;yil|VEH. v&apos;ha|ga|bo-IN ma|cha|zi|RIN to|DIR b&apos;CHOL yoym, v&apos;nif|ro-IN min ho-o|DOM mi|da|TOY v&apos;she|LOY
mi|da|TOY, v&apos;YEISH lo|HEM al mah she|yis|moy|CHU. v&apos;ha|DIN din e|MES. v&apos;ha|KOYL m&apos;su|KON las&apos;|u|DOH.</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>He used to say: All is given against collateral, and a net is spread over all who live. The shop stands open, the shopkeeper extends credit, the ledger stands open, and the hand records. Whoever wishes to borrow may come and take a loan. The collectors regularly make their rounds each day and exact payment from a person, whether he realizes it or not. They possess [a record] upon which they can rely; the judgment is just; and everything is made ready for the banquet.</english>
        </body>
        <body>
          <type>Passage</type>
          <hebrew>רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה אוֹמֵר: אִם אֵין תּוֹרָה אֵין דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ, אִם אֵין דֶּרֶךְ
אֶרֶץ אֵין תּוֹרָה. אִם אֵין חָכְמָה אֵין יִרְאָה, אִם אֵין יִרְאָה אֵין חָכְמָה. אִם
אֵין דַּעַת אֵין בִּינָה, אִם אֵין בִּינָה אֵין דַּעַת. אִם אֵין קֶמַח אֵין תּוֹרָה, אִם
אֵין תּוֹרָה אֵין קֶמַח.</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>ra|BI el|a|ZAR ben a|zar|YAH o|MER: im ein to|RAH ein DE|rech E|retz, im ein DE|rech
E|retz ein to|RAH. im ein choch|MAH ein yir|AH, im ein yir|AH ein choch|MAH. im
ein da-AT ein bi|NAH, im ein bi|NAH ein da-AT. im ein KE|mach ein to|RAH, im
ein to|RAH ein KE|mach.</israeli>
            <orthographic>rab|BI ʾel|ʿa|ZAR ben ʿa|zar|YAH ʾo|MER: ʾim ʾen to|RAH ʾen DE|rekh ʾE|retz, ʾim ʾen DE|rekh
ʾE|retz ʾen to|RAH. ʾim ʾen ḥokh|MAH ʾen yir|ʾAH, ʾim ʾen yir|ʾAH ʾen ḥokh|MAH. ʾim
ʾen da|ʿATH ʾen bi|NAH, ʾim ʾen bi|NAH ʾen da|ʿATH. ʾim ʾen QE|maḥ ʾen to|RAH, ʾim
ʾen to|RAH ʾen QE|maḥ.</orthographic>
            <sephardic>rab|BI el|ʿa|ZAR ben ʿa|zar|YAH o|MER: im en to|RAH en DE|rekh E|retz, im en DE|rekh
E|retz en to|RAH. im en ḥokh|MAH en yir|AH, im en yir|AH en ḥokh|MAH. im
en da|ʿAT en bi|NAH, im en bi|NAH en da|ʿAT. im en QE|maḥ en to|RAH, im
en to|RAH en QE|maḥ.</sephardic>
            <chabad>ra|BI el|o|ZOR ben a|zar|YOH oy|MEIR: im ein toy|ROH ein DE|rech E|retz, im ein DE|rech
E|retz ein toy|ROH. im ein choch|MOH ein yir|OH, im ein yir|OH ein choch|MOH. im
ein da-AS ein bi|NOH, im ein bi|NOH ein da-AS. im ein KE|mach ein toy|ROH, im
ein toy|ROH ein KE|mach.</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah said: If there is no Torah, respect cannot be; if there is no respect, Torah cannot be. If there is no wisdom, reverence cannot be; if there is no reverence, wisdom cannot be. If there is no knowledge, understanding cannot be; if there is no understanding, knowledge cannot be. If there is no flour [sustenance], Torah cannot be; if there is no Torah, flour cannot be.</english>
        </body>
        <body>
          <type>Passage</type>
          <hebrew>הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר: כָּל שֶׁחָכְמָתוֹ מְרֻבָּה מִמַּעֲשָׂיו, לְמָה הוּא דוֹמֶה, לְאִילָן
שֶׁעֲנָפָיו מְרֻבִּין וְשָׁרָשָׁיו מֻעָטִין, וְהָרוּחַ בָּאָה וְעוֹקַרְתּוֹ וְהוֹפְכַתּוֹ עַל פָּנָיו.
שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר, וְהָיָה כְּעַרְעָר בָּעֲרָבָה, וְלֹא יִרְאֶה כִּי־יָבוֹא טוֹב, וְשָׁכַן חֲרֵרִים
בַּמִּדְבָּר, אֶרֶץ מְלֵחָה וְלֹא תֵשֵׁב: אֲבָל כָּל שֶׁמַּעֲשָׂיו מְרֻבִּין מֵחָכְמָתוֹ, לְמָה
הוּא דוֹמֶה, לְאִילָן שֶׁעֲנָפָיו מֻעָטִין וְשָׁרָשָׁיו מְרֻבִּין, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ כָל הָרוּחוֹת
שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם בָּאוֹת וְנוֹשְׁבוֹת בּוֹ, אֵין מְזִיזִין אוֹתוֹ מִמְּקוֹמוֹ. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְהָיָה כְּעֵץ
שָׁתוּל עַל־מַיִם, וְעַל־יוּבַל יְשַׁלַּח שָׁרָשָׁיו, וְלֹא יִרְאֶה כִּי־יָבֹא חֹם, וְהָיָה עָלֵהוּ
רַעֲנָן, וּבִשְׁנַת בַּצֹּרֶת לֹא יִדְאָג, וְלֹא יָמִישׁ מֵעֲשׂוֹת פֶּרִי:</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>hu ha|YAH o|MER: kol she|choch|ma|TO me|ru|BAH mi|ma-a|SAV, le|MAH hu do|MEH, le-i|LAN
she-a|na|FAV me|ru|BIN ve|sho|ro|SHAV mu-a|TIN, ve|ha|RUACH ba-AH ve-o|kar|TO ve|hof|cha|TO al pa|NAV.
she|ne-e|MAR, ve|ha|YAH ke-ar|AR ba-a|ra|VAH, ve|LO yir|EH ki-ya|VO tov, ve|sha|CHAN cha|re|RIM
ba|mid|BAR, E|retz me|le|CHAH ve|LO te|SHEV: a|VAL kol she|ma-a|SAV me|ru|BIN me|choch|ma|TO, le|MAH
hu do|MEH, le-i|LAN she-a|na|FAV mu-a|TIN ve|sho|ro|SHAV me|ru|BIN, she-a|fi|LU chol ha|ru|CHOT
she|ba-o|LAM ba-OT ve|nosh|VOT bo, ein me|zi|ZIN o|TO mi|me|ko|MO. she|ne-e|MAR: ve|ha|YAH ke-ETZ
sha|TUL al-MA|yim, ve-al-yu|VAL ye|sha|LACH sho|ro|SHAV, ve|LO yir|EH ki-ya|VO chom, ve|ha|YAH a|le|HU
ra-a|NAN, u|vish|NAT ba|TZO|ret lo yid|AG, ve|LO ya|MISH me-a|SOT pe|RI:</israeli>
            <orthographic>huʾ ha|YAH ʾo|MER: kol she|ḥokh|ma|THO me|rub|BAH mim|ma|ʿa|śAV, le|MAH huʾ dho|MEH, le|ʾi|LAN
she|ʿa|na|FAV me|rub|BIN ve|sho|ro|SHAV mu|ʿa|ṭIN, ve|ha|RUAḥ ba|ʾAH ve|ʿo|qar|TO ve|ho|fe|khat|TO ʿal pa|NAV.
shen|ne|ʾe|MAR, ve|ha|YAH ke|ʿar|ʿAR ba|ʿa|ra|VAH, ve|LOʾ yir|ʾEH ki-ya|VOʾ ṭov, ve|sha|KHAN ḥa|re|RIM
bam|midh|BAR, ʾE|retz me|le|ḥAH ve|LOʾ the|SHEV: ʾa|VAL kol shem|ma|ʿa|śAV me|rub|BIN me|ḥokh|ma|THO, le|MAH
huʾ dho|MEH, le|ʾi|LAN she|ʿa|na|FAV mu|ʿa|ṭIN ve|sho|ro|SHAV me|rub|BIN, she|ʾa|fil|LU khol ha|ru|ḥOTH
sheb|ba|ʿo|LAM ba|ʾOTH ve|no|she|VOTH bo, ʾen me|zi|ZIN ʾo|THO mim|me|qo|MO. shen|ne|ʾe|MAR: ve|ha|YAH ke|ʿETZ
sha|THUL ʿal-MA|yim, ve|ʿal-yu|VAL ye|shal|LAḥ sho|ro|SHAV, ve|LOʾ yir|ʾEH ki-ya|VOʾ ḥom, ve|ha|YAH ʿa|le|HU
ra|ʿa|NAN, u|vish|NATH bat|TZO|reth loʾ yidh|ʾAGH, ve|LOʾ ya|MISH me|ʿa|śOTH pe|RI:</orthographic>
            <sephardic>hu ha|YAH o|MER: kol she|ḥokh|ma|TO me|rub|BAH mim|ma|ʿa|SAV, le|MAH hu do|MEH, le|i|LAN
she|ʿa|na|FAV me|rub|BIN ve|sho|ro|SHAV mu|ʿa|TIN, ve|ha|RUAḥ ba|AH ve|ʿo|qar|TO ve|ho|fe|khat|TO ʿal pa|NAV.
shen|ne|e|MAR, ve|ha|YAH ke|ʿar|ʿAR ba|ʿa|ra|VAH, ve|LO yir|EH ki-ya|VO tov, ve|sha|KHAN ḥa|re|RIM
bam|mid|BAR, E|retz me|le|ḥAH ve|LO te|SHEV: a|VAL kol shem|ma|ʿa|SAV me|rub|BIN me|ḥokh|ma|TO, le|MAH
hu do|MEH, le|i|LAN she|ʿa|na|FAV mu|ʿa|TIN ve|sho|ro|SHAV me|rub|BIN, she|a|fil|LU khol ha|ru|ḥOT
sheb|ba|ʿo|LAM ba|OT ve|no|she|VOT bo, en me|zi|ZIN o|TO mim|me|qo|MO. shen|ne|e|MAR: ve|ha|YAH ke|ʿETZ
sha|TUL ʿal-MA|yim, ve|ʿal-yu|VAL ye|shal|LAḥ sho|ro|SHAV, ve|LO yir|EH ki-ya|VO ḥom, ve|ha|YAH ʿa|le|HU
ra|ʿa|NAN, u|vish|NAT bat|TZO|ret lo yid|AG, ve|LO ya|MISH me|ʿa|SOT pe|RI:</sephardic>
            <chabad>hu ho|YOH oy|MEIR: kol she|choch|mo|SOY m&apos;ru|BOH mi|ma-a|SOV, l&apos;MOH hu doy|MEH, l&apos;i|LON
she-a|no|FOV m&apos;ru|BIN v&apos;sho|ro|SHOV mu-o|TIN, v&apos;ho|RUACH bo-OH v&apos;oy|kar|TOY v&apos;hoyf&apos;|cha|TOY al po|NOV.
she|ne-e|MAR, v&apos;ho|YOH k&apos;ar|OR bo-a|ro|VOH, v&apos;LOY yir|EH ki-yo|VOY toyv, v&apos;sho|CHAN cha|rei|RIM
ba|mid|BOR, E|retz m&apos;lei|CHOH v&apos;LOY sei|SHEIV: a|VOL kol she|ma-a|SOV m&apos;ru|BIN mei|choch|mo|SOY, l&apos;MOH
hu doy|MEH, l&apos;i|LON she-a|no|FOV mu-o|TIN v&apos;sho|ro|SHOV m&apos;ru|BIN, she-a|fi|LU chol ho|ru|CHOYS
she|bo-oy|LOM bo-OYS v&apos;noysh&apos;|VOYS boy, ein m&apos;zi|ZIN oy|SOY mim&apos;|koy|MOY. she|ne-e|MAR: v&apos;ho|YOH k&apos;EITZ
sho|SUL al-MA|yim, v&apos;al-yu|VAL y&apos;sha|LACH sho|ro|SHOV, v&apos;LOY yir|EH ki-yo|VOY choym, v&apos;ho|YOH o|lei|HU
ra-a|NON, u|vish|NAS ba|TZOY|res loy yid|OG, v&apos;LOY yo|MISH mei-a|SOYS pe|RI:</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>He used to say: To what may one whose wisdom exceeds his deeds be likened? To a tree with many branches but few roots. When wind arises, it uproots and overturns it, as it is said, “Like a juniper in the desert shall he be, which does not sense good when it comes; it stands in the scorched places of the wilderness, in land barren and uninhabited.” To what may one whose deeds exceed his wisdom be likened? To a tree with few branches but many roots. Even should all the world’s winds come and blow against it, they cannot budge it from its place, as it is said, “Like a tree planted beside waters shall he be, sending forth its roots by a stream: it does not sense heat when it comes; its leaves stay ever fresh; it has no care in a year of drought; it does not cease to bear fruit.”</english>
          <citations>
            <citation>
              <type>Citation</type>
              <text>Jer. 17</text>
            </citation>
            <citation>
              <type>Citation</type>
              <text>Jer. 17</text>
            </citation>
          </citations>
        </body>
        <body>
          <type>Passage</type>
          <hebrew>רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן חִסְמָא אוֹמֵר: קִנִּין וּפִתְחֵי נִדָּה הֵן הֵן גּוּפֵי הֲלָכוֹת. תְּקוּפוֹת
וְגִימַטְרְיָאוֹת פַּרְפְּרָאוֹת לַחָכְמָה.</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>ra|BI el|a|ZAR ben chis|MA o|MER: ki|NIN u|fit|CHEI ni|DAH hen hen gu|FEI ha|la|CHOT. t&apos;ku|FOT
ve|gi|mat|re|ya-OT par|pe|ra-OT la|choch|MAH.</israeli>
            <orthographic>rab|BI ʾel|ʿa|ZAR ben ḥis|MAʾ ʾo|MER: qin|NIN u|fith|ḥE nid|DAH hen hen gu|FE ha|la|KHOTH. te|qu|FOTH
ve|ghi|maṭ|re|ya|ʾOTH par|pe|ra|ʾOTH la|ḥokh|MAH.</orthographic>
            <sephardic>rab|BI el|ʿa|ZAR ben ḥis|MA o|MER: qin|NIN u|fit|ḥE nid|DAH hen hen gu|FE ha|la|KHOT. te|qu|FOT
ve|gi|mat|re|ya|OT par|pe|ra|OT la|ḥokh|MAH.</sephardic>
            <chabad>ra|BI el|o|ZOR ben chis|MO oy|MEIR: ki|NIN u|fis|CHEI ni|DOH hein hein gu|FEI ha|lo|CHOYS. t&apos;ku|FOYS
v&apos;gi|mat|r&apos;yo-OYS par|p&apos;ro-OYS la|choch|MOH.</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>Rabbi Elazar ben Hisma said: The laws of bird offerings and the reckoning of menstrual periods are essential laws; astronomy and mathematics serve as adjuncts to wisdom.</english>
        </body>
        <body>
          <type>Passage</type>
          <hebrew>רַבִּי חֲנַנְיָא בֶּן עֲקַשְׁיָא אוֹמֵר: רָצָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְזַכּוֹת אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל, לְפִיכָךְ
הִרְבָּה לָהֶם תּוֹרָה וּמִצְווֹת. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: יְהֹוָה חָפֵץ לְמַעַן צִדְקוֹ, יַגְדִּיל תּוֹרָה וְיַאְדִּיר:</hebrew>
          <transliteration>
            <israeli>ra|BI cha|nan|YA ben a|kash|YA o|MER: ra|TZAH ha|ka|DOSH ba|RUCH hu le|za|KOT et yis|ra-EL, le|fi|CHACH
hir|BAH la|HEM to|RAH u|mitz|VOT. she|ne-e|MAR: a|do|NAI cha|FETZ le|MA-an tzid|KO, yag|DIL to|RAH ve|ya|DIR:</israeli>
            <orthographic>rab|BI ḥa|nan|YAʾ ben ʿa|qash|YAʾ ʾo|MER: ra|TZAH haq|qa|DHOSH ba|RUKH huʾ le|zak|KOTH ʾeth yiś|ra|ʾEL, le|fi|KHAKH
hir|BAH la|HEM to|RAH u|mitz|VOTH. shen|ne|ʾe|MAR: a|do|NAI ḥa|FETZ le|MA|ʿan tzidh|QO, yagh|DIL to|RAH ve|yaʾ|DIR:</orthographic>
            <sephardic>rab|BI ḥa|nan|YA ben ʿa|qash|YA o|MER: ra|TZAH haq|qa|DOSH ba|RUKH hu le|zak|KOT et yis|ra|EL, le|fi|KHAKH
hir|BAH la|HEM to|RAH u|mitz|VOT. shen|ne|e|MAR: a|do|NAI ḥa|FETZ le|MA|ʿan tzid|QO, yag|DIL to|RAH ve|ya|DIR:</sephardic>
            <chabad>ra|BI cha|nan|YO ben a|kash|YO oy|MEIR: ro|TZOH ha|ko|DOYSH bo|RUCH hu l&apos;za|KOYS es yis|ro-EIL, l&apos;fi|CHOCH
hir|BOH lo|HEM toy|ROH u|mitz|VOYS. she|ne-e|MAR: a|do|NOY cho|FEITZ l&apos;MA-an tzid|KOY, yag|DIL toy|ROH v&apos;ya|DIR:</chabad>
          </transliteration>
          <english>Rabbi Hananya ben Akashya taught: The Holy One, blessed be He, wished to confer merit on Israel. Therefore He bestowed upon them a copious Torah and many commandments, as Scripture says, “The LORD took pleasure, for the sake of [Israel’s] righteousness, in making the Torah great and glorious.”</english>
          <citations>
            <citation>
              <type>Citation</type>
              <text>Makkot 23b</text>
            </citation>
            <citation>
              <type>Citation</type>
              <text>Is. 42</text>
            </citation>
          </citations>
        </body>
        <body>
          <type>Instructions</type>
          <text>If a minyan is present, mourners recite the Rabbis’ Kaddish (page 628).</text>
        </body>
      </body>
      <footer>
        <footer>
          <type>Commentary</type>
          <text>3:20. All is given on collateral: An extended metaphor on life under divine justice. Because we are not punished immediately for our misdeeds, we may come to think that bad behavior has no consequences. The reality is, however, that God is merely extending credit. He keeps a record of our deeds, and ultimately we will have to pay the price. The banquet refers to the World to Come.</text>
        </footer>
        <footer>
          <type>Commentary</type>
          <text>3:19. All is foreseen: This is the standard translation, according to which Rabbi Akiva sets out the paradox between divine foreknowledge and human free will. God knows in advance what we will do, but this does not negate our freedom to choose. An alternative translation is: “All is seen, yet freedom of choice is given.” According to this, Rabbi Akiva is not speaking about divine foreknowledge. He is teaching that, though we are free to choose, we cannot escape responsibility for the consequences of our choice, because God sees all.</text>
        </footer>
      </footer>
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