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Guide to the Jewish Year, pages 1322-1323, with pointed Hebrew, English, and transliteration.

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Gates to Prayer

Guide to the Jewish Year 1322-1323 1492-1493

מַדְרִיךְ לַשָּׁנָה הַיְּהוּדִית mad|RICH la|sha|NAH ha|ye|hu|DIT madh|RIKH las|sha|NAH hay|ye|hu|DHITH mad|RIKH las|sha|NAH hay|ye|hu|DIT mad|RICH la|sho|NOH hay'|hu|DIS GUIDE TO THE JEWISH YEAR

תִּשְׁרֵי tish|REI tish|RE tish|RE tish|REI TISHREI 1322-1323

Instructions carried out after nightfall. Should Rosh HaShana's first day have fallen on Shabbat, the assembly inserts the paragraph וַתּוֹדִיעֵנוּ into the Amida's middle section. Likewise, in Kiddush, the pair of Havdala blessings is placed before the blessing שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ (page 933); thus the blessing sequence runs: wine, Kiddush, flame, Havdala, שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ. Instructions 39 On Rosh HaShana's second night, custom calls for eating a new fruit or donning a new garment. One nevertheless recites שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ during Kiddush even without a new fruit or garment [שו״ע או״ח, תר:ב]. Likewise, שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ is recited before sounding the shofar on the second day, even if the shofar was sounded on the first day [שם:ג]. Instructions 40 Ma'ariv, Shaḥarit and Minḥa: Save for what is noted above, Rosh HaShana's second-day prayers match those of the first. Instructions 41 Motza'ei Rosh HaShana: Weekday Ma'ariv is recited. Within the Amida's fourth blessing, the paragraph of אַתָּה חוֹנַנְתָּנוּ is recited (page 287). Havdala is recited over a cup of wine or grape juice; neither spices nor a flame receive a blessing [שו״ע או״ח, תרא:א]. heading עֲשֶׂרֶת יְמֵי תְּשׁוּבָה a|SE|ret ye|MEI t'shu|VAH ʿa|śE|reth ye|ME te|shu|VAH ʿa|SE|ret ye|ME te|shu|VAH a|SE|res y'MEI t'shu|VOH Ordinances of Aseret Yemei Teshuva (the Ten Days of Repentance) Instructions 42 Alterations to the Kaddish: see law 14. Instructions 43 In the morning service, custom is, after Yishtabaḥ, to open the Ark and recite Psalm 130 responsively (page 91) [משנ״ב או״ח, נד:ד]. Some recite Psalm 130 before Yishtabaḥ. Instructions 44 Insertions in the Amida: See law 15. The close of the Amida's eleventh blessing should likewise be altered from מֶלֶךְ אוֹהֵב צְדָקָה וּמִשְׁפָּט to הַמֶּלֶךְ הַמִּשְׁפָּט [שו״ע או״ח, תקפא:ג], yet one who forgets this change need not repeat the Amida [רמ״א או״ח, קיח:א]. Instructions 45 In Shaḥarit and Minḥa, following נְפִילַת אַפַּיִם ("Lowering the Head," page 145), the Ark is opened and the congregation recites Avinu Malkenu. It is left out on Friday afternoon and Shabbat [רמ״א או״ח, תרב:א]. heading צוֹם גְּדַלְיָה tzom g'dal|YAH tzom ge|dhal|YAH tzom ge|dal|YAH tzoym g'dal|YOH Gedalya's Fast (3rd of Tishrei) Instructions 46 This fast marks the murder of Gedalya ben Aḥikam by Yishmael ben Netanya, at the command of Ba'alis, the king of Amon (circa 586 BCE). Soon after the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem, Gedalya was named governor of Judea. That assassination, mere months after the appointment, brought Jewish self-government in the land of Israel to a close in that era and caused the scattering of the Jews who remained in the land of Israel after the First Temple's destruction [II Kings 25:22–26; Jer. 40:4–41:18]. Instructions 47 Should the 3rd of Tishrei fall on Shabbat, the fast is deferred until Sunday. Instructions 48 The fast starts at dawn [שו״ע או״ח, תקנ:ב]. One may rise before dawn to eat and drink, yet only if one formed that intention before going to sleep [שו״ע או״ח, תקסד:א]. Instructions 49 Food and drink are forbidden, yet bathing and the wearing of leather shoes remain allowed [שו״ע או״ח, תקנ:ב]. Pregnant and nursing women need not fast [רמ״א, שם:א]. Instructions 50 Shaḥarit: Recital of Seliḥot comes before weekday Shaḥarit. The Aseret Yemei Teshuva additions are recited. In the Amida's Repetition, the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur recites the paragraph עֲנֵנוּ between the seventh and eighth blessings (page 121) [שו״ע או״ח, תקסו:א]. נְפִילַת אַפַּיִם and Avinu Malkenu then follow. Instructions 51 Torah Reading (page 1166): Reading of the Torah takes place solely when a minimum of six people (according to some: three people) are fasting. Solely those fasting are called up. Custom has the congregation reciting these passages aloud: the concluding seven words of Ex. 32:12: שׁוּב מֵחֲרוֹן אַפֶּךָ וְהִנָּחֵם עַל־הָרָעָה לְעַמֶּךָ, the "Thirteen Attributes of Mercy": יְהוָה יְהוָה אֵל רַחוּם וְחַנּוּן אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב־חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת: נֹצֵר חֶסֶד לָאֲלָפִים נֹשֵׂא עָוֹן וָפֶשַׁע וְחַטָּאָה וְנַקֵּה, and the concluding four words of Ex. 34:9: "וְסָלַחְתָּ לְעֲוֺנֵנוּ וּלְחַטָּאתֵנוּ וּנְחַלְתָּנוּ" [משנ״ב, שם (ג)]. Instructions 52 Minḥa: Following Ashrei and Half Kaddish, the Torah is read. That lection matches the morning's. The third oleh reads the Haftara (page 1166) [רמ״א, שם]. Once the Torah has been returned to the Ark, the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur recites Half Kaddish, and weekday Minḥa Amida is recited. Instructions 53 In the silent Amida, those who keep the fast insert the paragraph עֲנֵנוּ within the sixteenth blessing, שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִלָּה (page 239); in the Amida's Repetition, the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur recites עֲנֵנוּ amid the seventh and eighth blessings, matching the morning (page 233). Following the blessing הַטּוֹב שִׁמְךָ וּלְךָ נָאֶה לְהוֹדוֹת, the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur recites the paragraph relating to Birkat Kohanim (page 245). Following the Amida, the congregation recites Taḥanun, inserting Avinu Malkenu in the middle, Full Kaddish, Aleinu, Mourner's Kaddish and Psalm 27. heading שַׁבַּת שׁוּבָה sha|BAT shu|VAH shab|BATH shu|VAH shab|BAT shu|VAH sha|BAS shu|VOH Shabbat Shuva Instructions 54 Shabbat Shuva takes its name from the Haftara's opening word, Shuva. It is at times termed Shabbat Teshuva, "Shabbat of Repentance." Instructions 55 Kabbalat Shabbat: Should Shabbat Shuva fall on the 3rd of Tishrei, an abridged Kabbalat Shabbat precedes Ma'ariv: Psalm 29, the first two and last two stanzas of לְכָה דוֹדִי, מִזְמוֹר שִׁיר לְיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת and יְהוָה מָלָךְ, גֵּאוּת לָבֵשׁ (page 377).