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Guide to the Jewish Year, pages 1320-1321, with pointed Hebrew, English, and transliteration.

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Gates to Prayer

Guide to the Jewish Year 1320-1321 1490-1491

מַדְרִיךְ לַשָּׁנָה הַיְּהוּדִית mad|RICH la|sha|NAH ha|ye|hu|DIT madh|RIKH las|sha|NAH hay|ye|hu|DHITH mad|RIKH las|sha|NAH hay|ye|hu|DIT mad|RICH la|sho|NOH hay'|hu|DIS GUIDE TO THE JEWISH YEAR

תִּשְׁרֵי tish|REI tish|RE tish|RE tish|REI TISHREI 1320-1321

Instructions Kaddish. Except on Shabbat, as the Torah is removed from the Ark, most congregations recite the "Thirteen Attributes of Mercy" and a special supplication. Instructions 22 Torah Reading: Gen. 21: 1–34 – first day; Gen. 22:1–24 – second day. Five men are summoned, seven on Shabbat. Num. 29:1–6 is Maftir (both days). Haftara: I Sam. 1:1–2:10 – first day; Jer. 31:1–19 – second day [שו״ע או״ח, תקפד: ב; שם, תרא: א]. Instructions 23 After the Haftara come (Yekum Purkan on Shabbat, then) the prayers for the government and the State of Israel. Customarily the rabbi delivers a sermon ahead of the shofar's sounding. Should a Brit Mila occur, it is held before the shofar is blown. Instructions LAWS GOVERNING SHOFAR BLASTS Instructions 24 From the Torah, hearing the shofar's sound is an affirmative mitzva. A deaf person is exempt from this mitzva, whereas a blind person is not; a blind person may therefore sound the shofar for others, whereas a deaf person may not. Women are exempt from this mitzva, yet a woman may blow shofar for herself and other women. When a man blows shofar for one or more women, the women should recite the blessings for themselves [שו״ע ורמ״א או״ח, תקפט:ג]. Instructions 25 Those opening thirty shofar blasts sounded prior to Musaf are the fewest shofar sounds one is required to hear [שו״ע או״ח, תקצ:א]. Custom, however, is to blow a hundred blasts. Observed by most congregations, the Sephardi custom has the shofar blown amid the silent Amida, not after the Repetition (see law 34). Some congregations observe the Ashkenazi custom: thirty before Musaf, thirty amid the Amida's Repetition, and forty more in groups of thirty and ten during the Full Kaddish after Musaf [משנ״ב, תקצב: ד]. Instructions 26 Standing is required of the person blowing the shofar; during the first set of shofar sounds the congregation may sit, although the custom is to stand [שו״ע או״ח, תקפה: א; משנ״ב, שם: ב]. Instructions 27 The person blowing the shofar recites two blessings: (1) לִשְׁמֹעַ קוֹל שׁוֹפָר, and (2) שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ [שו״ע או״ח, תקפה:ב]. Instructions 28 Lest distractions arise while the mitzva of hearing the shofar is performed, the congregation, until the first thirty shofar blasts are finished, may not speak of matters unrelated to shofar and, until the hundredth blast is finished, may not speak of matters unrelated to prayer [שו״ע או״ח, תקצב:ג]. Instructions 29 The rabbis ruled that the shofar is not blown when Rosh HaShana falls on Shabbat [ראש השנה, כט; שו״ע או״ח, תקפח: ה]. Instructions 30 Once the shofar has been blown, Ashrei is recited and the Torah scrolls are restored to the Ark. The Shaliaḥ Tzibbur for Musaf recites a special prefatory prayer, הִנְנִי הֶעָנִי מִמַּעַשׂ ("Here am I, poor of deeds"), and Half Kaddish. Instructions 31 Musaf for Rosh HaShana: Unique among the Amidot recited on Shabbat and Yom Tov, nine blessings, rather than seven, comprise the Musaf for Rosh HaShana. In place of a single blessing devoted to the Festival, three lengthy blessings treat three distinct Rosh HaShana themes: Kingship, Remembrance and the Shofar [שו״ע או״ח, תקצא: א; שם: ד]. Ten shofar blasts are sounded upon the congregation's completion of each of the three middle blessings of the Amida. Should Rosh HaShana fall on Shabbat, the shofar is not sounded. Instructions 32 Piyutim are recited before Kedusha, culminating with וּנְתַנֶּה תֹּקֶף. Instructions 33 Aleinu is contained in the fourth blessing in the Repetition of the Amida. The Ark is opened, and at the words וַאֲנַחְנוּ כּוֹרְעִים the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur (and, in most communities, the entire congregation) kneels in prostration. Since touching one's head against the bare stone floor when kneeling is forbidden, a piece of cloth or paper should be placed between one's head and the floor [רמ״א או״ח, קלא:ח]. Instructions 34 Ten shofar blasts are sounded upon the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur's completion of each of the three middle blessings of the Amida, and the congregation recites הַיּוֹם הֲרַת עוֹלָם and אָרֶשֶׁת שְׂפָתֵינוּ. Should Rosh HaShana fall on Shabbat, the shofar is not sounded and אָרֶשֶׁת שְׂפָתֵינוּ is omitted. The Kohanim recite Birkat Kohanim. Instructions 35 Following Musaf, the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur recites Full Kaddish. Ten further shofar blasts are sounded. Certain congregations halt amid the Full Kaddish in order to blow the ten blasts; others sound the ten once Full Kaddish is finished. Ein Keloheinu follows, together with the remainder of the service as for Shabbat. Instructions 36 Minḥa: as for Shabbat and Yom Tov. Should Rosh HaShana fall on Shabbat, the beginning of Ha'azinu is read. Identical to that said during Shaḥarit is the Amida, except that the verse beginning כִּי שֵׁם יהוה אֶקְרָא (Deut. 32:3) precedes it. After the Shaliaḥ Tzibbur repeats the Amida, Avinu Malkenu is said by the congregation, except when Rosh HaShana falls on Shabbat. Instructions 37 Following Minḥa, Tashlikh (page 935) is customarily said beside a source of running water. Should the first day of Rosh HaShana fall on Shabbat, Tashlikh is said on the second day [רמ״א או״ח, תקפג: ב] or else on any weekday before Yom Kippur. heading רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה – יוֹם שֵׁנִי rosh ha|sha|NAH - yom she|NI roʾsh has|sha|NAH - yom she|NI rosh has|sha|NAH - yom she|NI roysh ha|sho|NOH - yoym shei|NI Rosh HaShana – Day Two (2nd of Tishrei) Instructions 38 Second day's eve: Lighting of candles and preparations for the meal must be